Refinancing refers to applying for a secured loan intended to replace an existing loan secured by the same assets. The most common consumer refinancing is for a home mortgage.

Refinancing may be undertaken to reduce interest costs (by refinancing at a lower rate), to pay off other debts, to reduce one's periodic payment obligations (sometimes by taking a longer-term loan), to reduce risk (such as by refinancing from a variable-rate to a fixed-rate loan), and/or to liquidate some or all of the equity that has accumulated in real property during the tenure of ownership.

It is advisable to speak with a financial professional, familiar with your existing home loan, before deciding to refinance. Certain types of loans contain penalty clauses that are triggered by an early payment of the loan, either in its entirety or a specified portion. Also, some refinanced loans, while having lower initial payments, may result in larger total interest costs over the life of the loan, or expose the borrower to greater risks than the existing loan. Calculating the up-front, ongoing, and potentially variable costs of refinancing is an important part of the decision on whether or not to refinance.

Balance transfer

People often resort to "Balance Transfer", a facility provided by Credit Card companies. This is highly beneficial, if they understand all the terms and conditions and confirm them at the time of making a transfer.

Balance transfers offer a very low rate of interest (APR) or some cards have an offer of 0% APR on balance transfers. So how does one gain here? Pay off your existing high interest loan with the amount that you transfer and keep repaying this loan from balance transfer till you finish off before the deadline after which the APR shoots up to your normal APR (typically anywhere between 10% to 20%)

There are two catches here though. Credit card companies have a policy of applying your payments to the balance with lowest APR. Confused? Let's take up a scenario.

Let's say you already have a balance of $350 on your card and your purchase APR is 15%. Now, you make a balance transfer of $2,000 on your card for 0% APR. Now the monthly payments that you make, they will apply completely towards those $2,000 that you transferred. The balance of $350 from the purchase stays on accruing interest on that at the rate of 15% APR.

This also suggests that you should not use the same card to make any purchases after you make a balance transfer using that card. The reason is the same as explained above. Any monthly payments that you make is going towards your balance transfer letting the purchase balance to accrue interest at a higher APR, so you should never make a balance transfer on your card unless the balance is zero.